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ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF NITROGEN DEPOSITION ON URBAN FORESTS: AN OVERVIEW

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第3期   页码 445-456 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021429

摘要：

● Patterns and effects of N deposition on urban forests are reviewed.

关键词： biodiversity     carbon sequestration     nitrogen deposition     nutrient imbalance     soil acidification     urban forest    

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RESEARCH PROGRESS ON THE IMPACT OF NITROGEN DEPOSITION ON GLOBAL GRASSLANDS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第3期   页码 425-444 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022457

摘要：

● Grasslands in many regions of the world have been impacted by atmospheric nitrogen deposition.

关键词： Acidification     biomass production     critical load     eutrophication     species composition     species richness    

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SOIL NITROGEN CYCLING AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IN THE SUBTROPICAL HILLY REGION OF CHINA: EVIDENCE FROM

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第3期   页码 407-424 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022448

摘要：

● Soil nitrogen fluxes and influencing factors were reviewed in the subtropical hilly regions.

关键词： nitrogen cycling     soil nitrogen     nitrogen deposition     greenhouse gases emission     non-point source pollution     nitrogen use efficiency    

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Mass loss and nutrient dynamics during litter decomposition in response to warming and nitrogen addition

Haiyan REN, Jie QIN, Baolong YAN, Alata, Baoyinhexige, Guodong HAN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第1期   页码 64-70 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017194

摘要： Plant litter decomposition has been studied extensively in the context of both warming and increased atmospheric nitrogen deposition. However, the temporal patterns of mass loss and nutrient release in response to warming and nitrogen addition remain unclear. A 2-year decomposition experiment aimed to examine the effects of warming and nitrogen addition on decomposition rate, and nitrogen and phosphorus dynamics. The effects of warming and nitrogen addition on decomposition of litter of , a dominant species in a desert steppe of northern China, were studied. Warming and nitrogen addition significantly enhanced litter mass loss by 10% and 16%, respectively, and moreover promoted nitrogen and phosphorus release from the litter in the first year of decomposition, followed by an immobilization period. The interactive effects of warming and nitrogen addition on mass loss, nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations of litter were also found during the decomposition. This study indicates that warming and nitrogen addition increased litter mass loss through altering litter quality. These findings highlight that interactions between climate change and other global change factors could be highly important in driving decomposition responses.

关键词： climate warming     grassland     litter decomposition     nitrogen deposition     nutrient release    

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CONCENTRATIONS AND FLUXES OF DISSOLVED NUTRIENTS IN THE YANGTZE RIVER: LONG-TERM TRENDS AND ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 559-567 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE -2020344

摘要：

Intensifying human activity in the Yangtze River basin has substantially increased nutrient concentrations in the Yangtze River Estuary, leading to degradation of the coastal environment. Analysis of nutrient determinations published over the past 50 years reveals a gradual decreasing trend in the concentrations and fluxes of dissolved silicate (DSi). However, both dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and dissolved inorganic phosphate (DIP) concentrations have increased significantly since the 1970s. The frequency of and area covered by red tide outbreaks have increased greatly during this period, mainly due to changes in nutrient supply ratios [i.e., N/P (DIN/DIP), N/Si (DIN/DSi), P/Si (DIP/DSi)]. A strong correlation was found between the riverine DIN fluxes and the estimated DIN inputs from the major N sources, particularly fertilizers and atmospheric deposition. The data provide a comprehensive assessment of nutrients in the Yangtze River basin and their ecological impacts and indicate a potentially significant influence of atmospheric deposition on DIN loadings and fluxes.

 

关键词： atmospheric deposition / ecological impacts / nitrogen sources / nutrients / Yangtze delta    

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Scaling up of cluster beam deposition technology for catalysis application

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期   页码 1360-1379 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2101-7

摘要： Many research works have demonstrated that the combination of atomically precise cluster deposition and theoretical calculations is able to address fundamental aspects of size-effects, cluster-support interactions, and reaction mechanisms of cluster materials. Although the wet chemistry method has been widely used to synthesize nanoparticles, the gas-phase synthesis and size-selected strategy was the only method to prepare supported metal clusters with precise numbers of atoms for a long time. However, the low throughput of the physical synthesis method has severely constrained its wider adoption for catalysis applications. In this review, we introduce the latest progress on three types of cluster source which have the most promising potential for scale-up, including sputtering gas aggregation source, pulsed microplasma cluster source, and matrix assembly cluster source. While the sputtering gas aggregation source is leading ahead with a production rate of ~20 mg·h–1, the pulsed microplasma source has the smallest physical dimensions which makes it possible to compact multiple such devices into a small volume for multiplied production rate. The matrix assembly source has the shortest development history, but already show an impressive deposition rate of ~10 mg·h–1. At the end of the review, the possible routes for further throughput scale-up are envisaged.

关键词： nanoparticle     cluster     cluster beam deposition     magnetron sputtering     heterogeneous catalysis    

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CONCENTRATIONS AND FLUXES OF DISSOLVED NUTRIENTS IN THE YANGTZE RIVER: LONG-TERM TRENDS AND ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS

Yandan FU, Jiahui KANG, Ziyue LI, Xuejun LIU, Wen XU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 559-567 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020344

摘要： Intensifying human activity in the Yangtze River Basin (YRB) has substantially increased nutrient concentrations in the Yangtze River Estuary, leading to degradation of the coastal environment. Analysis of nutrient determinations published over the past 50 years reveals a gradual decreasing trend in the concentrations and fluxes of dissolved silicate (DSi). However, both dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and dissolved inorganic phosphate (DIP) concentrations have increased significantly since the 1970s. The frequency and area covered by red tide outbreaks have increased greatly during this period, mainly due to changes in nutrient supply ratios [i.e., N/P (DIN/DIP), N/Si (DIN/DSi), P/Si (DIP/DSi)]. A strong correlation was found between the riverine DIN fluxes and the estimated DIN inputs from the major N sources, particularly fertilizers and atmospheric deposition. The data provide a comprehensive assessment of nutrients in the YRB and their ecological impacts and indicate a potentially significant influence of atmospheric deposition on DIN loadings and fluxes.

关键词： atmospheric deposition     ecological impacts     nitrogen sources     nutrients     Yangtze River Delta    

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Effect of carbon deposition over carbonaceous catalysts on CH

Yongfa ZHANG, Meng ZHANG, Guojie ZHANG, Huirong ZHANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第4期   页码 481-485 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0523-8

摘要： An investigation was made using a continuous fixed bed reactor to understand the influence of carbon deposition obtained under different conditions on CH -CO reforming. Thermogravimetry (TG) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were employed to study the characteristics of carbon deposition. It was found that the carbonaceous catalyst is an efficient catalyst in methane decomposition and CH -CO reforming. The trend of methane decomposition at lower temperatures is similar to that at higher temperatures. The methane conversion is high during the initial of stage of the reaction, and then decays to a relatively fixed value after about 30 min. With temperature increase, the methane decomposition rate increases quickly. The reaction temperature has significant influence on methane decomposition, whereas the carbon deposition does not affect methane decomposition significantly. Different types of carbon deposition were formed at different methane decomposition reaction temperatures. The carbon deposition Type I generated at 900°C has a minor effect on CH -CO reforming and it easily reacts with carbon dioxide, but the carbon deposition Type II generated at 1000°C and 1100°C clearly inhibits CH -CO reforming and it is difficult to react with carbon dioxide. The results of XRD showed that some graphite structures were found in carbon deposition Type II.

关键词： carbon deposition     carbonaceous catalyst     CH4-CO2 reforming    

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Influence mechanism of dynamic and static liquid bridge forces on particle deposition behaviors in solar

Xueqing LIU, Xiaodong ZHAO, Luyi LU, Jianlan LI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第2期   页码 499-512 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0742-3

摘要： Solar energy is one of the most promising forms of renewable energy for solving the energy crisis and environmental problems. Dust deposition on photovoltaic mirrors has a serious negative impact on the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar power stations. In this paper, the influence mechanism of the dynamic and static liquid bridge forces on particle deposition behaviors on solar photovoltaic mirrors is investigated. In addition, the expression and physical meaning of the particle critical separation velocity are proposed. The research results show that the static liquid bridge force can be the primary deposition force causing dust particles to adhere to photovoltaic mirrors. However, the dynamic liquid bridge force can act as a resistance force for the particle motion process and even make dust particles roll along and finally stay on the mirror. The contact force is the primary separation force that causes dust particles to flow away from the mirror. Whether dust particles adhere to the mirror depends on the relative size of the deposition and separating forces. The particle critical separation velocity describes the relative size of the collision-rebound effect and mirror adhesion effect and is expressed in Eq. (16). These research findings can provide theoretical guidance for mirror cleaning methods in the operation process of photovoltaic mirrors.

关键词： dust deposition     discrete element method (DEM)     photovoltaic mirrors     solar energy    

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Fault simulation of boiler heating surface ash deposition in a power plant system

Weiwei ZHANG, Huisheng ZHANG, Ming SU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第4期   页码 435-443 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0162-x

摘要： The simulation model of a power generation system was developed based on EASY5 simulation platform. The performances of the power plant under the conditions of the furnace slagging and ash deposition of the heating surfaces in the boiler were simulated. The results show that the simulation model can reasonably reflect the characteristics of the power plant when each component is under fault conditions. Through fault simulation, the change of the performance parameters can be obtained, which can be used in fault diagnosis system as the diagnosis criterion for expert system.

关键词： boiler     slagging     ash deposition     fault simulation    

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Influence of phosphate on deposition and detachment of TiO

Zhan Wang, Chongyang Shen, Yichun Du, Yulong Zhang, Baoguo Li

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1163-y

摘要： We examined influence of phosphate on transport of TiO2 NPs in soil. Deposition was reduced at higher pH and by adsorption of phosphate in soil. Release was more for NPs initially deposited at higher pH. Release was more for NPs initially deposited in the presence of phosphate. Surface roughness and charge heterogeneity play a role in the deposition/ release. The widespread use of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) makes inevitable their release into the soil. Phosphate is also widespread within soil, and is likely copresent with TiO2 NPs. However, the influence of phosphate on deposition/release— and thereby on transport— of TiO2 NPs in soil is yet to be elucidated. In this study we conducted saturated column experiments to systematically examine the transport of TiO2 NPs in soil amended with phosphate at different ionic strengths (ISs) (1, 10, 100 mmol/L NaCl) and pHs (4 and 9). Results show that the deposition of TiO2 NPs decreased with decreasing IS, increasing pH, and when soil absorbed phosphate. These observations are qualitatively in agreement with Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) interaction energy calculations, because the repulsive energy barrier is larger and secondary minimum depth is smaller at a lower IS, higher pH, and in the presence of phosphate. Accordingly, both primary- and secondary-minimum deposition were inhibited. Interestingly, although the deposition was less at higher pH and in the presence of phosphate, the subsequent spontaneous detachment and detachment by reduction of solution IS in these cases were greater. In addition, the presence of phosphate in the solution can cause a small quantity of attached TiO2 NPs to detach, even without perturbations of physical and chemical conditions. Our study was the first to investigate the influence of phosphate on detachment of TiO2 NPs and the results have important implication for accurate prediction of fate and transport of TiO2 NPs in subsurface environments.

关键词： Phosphate     TiO2 nanoparticles     Transport     Soil     Deposition     Detachment    

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Lagrangian simulation of deposition of CO gas-solid sudden expansion flow

HUANG Dongping, DING Guoliang, QUACK Hans

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第2期   页码 216-221 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0032-3

摘要： Freezing and blockage resulting from the deposition of solid CO formed because of sudden expansion of the downstream pipe during the release of CO through safety valves, will endanger the protected equipment. To overcome this problem, the characteristics of the CO gas-solid sudden expansion flow are studied by using the disperse Lagrangian model. A comparison of the calculated deposition of the solid CO with the experimental results shows that they are in reasonable agreement. The simulation results show that the size of the solid CO formed should not be in the range of 0.04–0.07 mm ( number 3.2–9.8). This can be achieved by using an appropriate flow cross section of the safety valve.

关键词： comparison     gas-solid     downstream     blockage     Lagrangian    

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Effect of soil crust on evaporation and dew deposition in Mu Us sandy land, China

SUN Yongliang, LI Xiaoyan, XU Heye, YANG Zhipeng, TANG Jia, ZHANG Xiaoying

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第4期   页码 480-486 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0034-8

摘要： The development of soil crust on sandy land may affect the surface hydrological process. This paper investigates the process of evaporation and dew deposition influenced by different soil surface types which were dominated by sand, primitive biotic crust, and advanced biotic crust, respectively, in the south fringe of Mu Us sandy land in Northwest China from July to September of 2006. The experimental results indicate that the advanced biotic crust could increase evaporation and dew deposition compared to the primitive biotic crust and bare sand although the differences between them were not significant. The average evaporation from advanced biotic crust, primitive biotic crust and sand was 6.8, 6.6, and 6.5 mm/d, respectively, and water content is around 16.2 % in the condition of initially identical soil. The average dew amount on advanced biotic crust was 0.116 mm/d with extreme 0.05 and 0.24 mm/d. The average values on primitive biotic crust and sand were 0.105 and 0.101 mm/d, respectively, with extreme 0.04 and 0.21 mm/d for both treatments. Also, the dew deposition on advanced biotic crust seemed stable and might rest for a longer time than that on primitive biotic crust and sand. The results suggest that the advanced biotic crust possibly facilitates evaporation and dew deposition. Therefore, the development of biotic crust may potentially enhance the hydrological circulation in the upper sand layer in sandy land.
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SUSTAINABLE NITROGEN MANAGEMENT IN AUSTRALIAN AGROECOSYSTEMS: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第3期   页码 366-372 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022447

摘要：

● There is huge potential for improvement of nitrogen management in Australia.

关键词： Australian agroecosystems     reactive nitrogen     sustainable development    

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SUSTAINABLE NITROGEN MANAGEMENT FOR VEGETABLE PRODUCTION IN CHINA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第3期   页码 373-385 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022455

摘要：

● Sustainable nitrogen management strategies for Chinese vegetable production are summarized.

关键词： enhanced-efficiency nitrogen fertilizer     integrated knowledge and products strategy     nitrogen rate     reactive nitrogen loss     vegetable     yield    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF NITROGEN DEPOSITION ON URBAN FORESTS: AN OVERVIEW

期刊论文

RESEARCH PROGRESS ON THE IMPACT OF NITROGEN DEPOSITION ON GLOBAL GRASSLANDS

期刊论文

SOIL NITROGEN CYCLING AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IN THE SUBTROPICAL HILLY REGION OF CHINA: EVIDENCE FROM

期刊论文

Mass loss and nutrient dynamics during litter decomposition in response to warming and nitrogen addition

Haiyan REN, Jie QIN, Baolong YAN, Alata, Baoyinhexige, Guodong HAN

期刊论文

CONCENTRATIONS AND FLUXES OF DISSOLVED NUTRIENTS IN THE YANGTZE RIVER: LONG-TERM TRENDS AND ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS

期刊论文

Scaling up of cluster beam deposition technology for catalysis application

期刊论文

CONCENTRATIONS AND FLUXES OF DISSOLVED NUTRIENTS IN THE YANGTZE RIVER: LONG-TERM TRENDS AND ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS

Yandan FU, Jiahui KANG, Ziyue LI, Xuejun LIU, Wen XU

期刊论文

Effect of carbon deposition over carbonaceous catalysts on CH

Yongfa ZHANG, Meng ZHANG, Guojie ZHANG, Huirong ZHANG

期刊论文

Influence mechanism of dynamic and static liquid bridge forces on particle deposition behaviors in solar

Xueqing LIU, Xiaodong ZHAO, Luyi LU, Jianlan LI

期刊论文

Fault simulation of boiler heating surface ash deposition in a power plant system

Weiwei ZHANG, Huisheng ZHANG, Ming SU

期刊论文

Influence of phosphate on deposition and detachment of TiO

Zhan Wang, Chongyang Shen, Yichun Du, Yulong Zhang, Baoguo Li

期刊论文

Lagrangian simulation of deposition of CO gas-solid sudden expansion flow

HUANG Dongping, DING Guoliang, QUACK Hans

期刊论文

Effect of soil crust on evaporation and dew deposition in Mu Us sandy land, China

SUN Yongliang, LI Xiaoyan, XU Heye, YANG Zhipeng, TANG Jia, ZHANG Xiaoying

期刊论文

SUSTAINABLE NITROGEN MANAGEMENT IN AUSTRALIAN AGROECOSYSTEMS: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

期刊论文

SUSTAINABLE NITROGEN MANAGEMENT FOR VEGETABLE PRODUCTION IN CHINA

期刊论文